Muay Thai

What is Muay Thai Or Thai Boxing

What is Muay Thai And History Of Muay Thai?

in this page you will know about what’s muay thai, muay thai history and Techniques

History Of Muay Thai

The history of muay Thai can be traced to the middle of the 18th century. During battles between the Burmese of the Konbaung Dynasty and the Ayutthaya Kingdom Burmese–Siamese War (1765–1767)[7] Muay boran, and therefore muay Thai, was originally called by more generic names such as toi muay or simply muay. As well as being a practical fighting technique for use in actual warfare, muay became a sport in which the opponents fought in front of spectators who went to watch for entertainment. These muay contests gradually became an integral part of local festivals and celebrations, especially those held at temples. Eventually, the previously bare-fisted fighters started wearing lengths of hemp rope around their hands and forearms. This type of match was called muay khat chueak (มวยคาดเชือก). Kickboxing was also a component of military training and gained prominence during the reign of King Naresuan the Great in 1560 CE.

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What is Muay Thai?

Like most full contact fighting sports, muay Thai has a heavy focus on body conditioning.Training regimens include many staples of combat sport conditioning such as running, shadowboxing, rope jumping, body weight resistance exercises, medicine ball exercises, abdominal exercises, and in some cases weight training. Thai boxers rely heavily on kicks utilizing the shin bone. As such, practitioners of muay Thai will repeatedly hit a dense heavy bag with their shins, conditioning it, hardening the bone through a process called cortical remodeling. Striking a sand-filled bag will have the same effect.

Muay Thai Fighter

Training specific to a Thai fighter includes training with coaches on Thai pads, focus mitts, heavy bag, and sparring. Daily training includes many rounds (3–5 minute periods broken up by a short rest, often 1–2 minutes) of these various methods of practice. Thai pad training is a cornerstone of muay Thai conditioning that involves practicing punches, kicks, knees, and elbow strikes with a trainer wearing thick pads covering the forearms and hands. These special pads (often referred to as Thai pads) are used to absorb the impact of the fighter’s strikes and allow the fighter to react to the attacks of the pad holder in a live situation. The trainer will often also wear a belly pad around the abdominal area so that the fighter can attack with straight kicks or knees to the body at any time during the round.
Focus mitts are specific to training a fighter’s hand speed, punch combinations, timing, punching power, defense, and counter-punching and may also be used to practice elbow strikes. Heavy bag training is a conditioning and power exercise that reinforces the techniques practiced on the pads. Sparring is a means to test technique, skills, range, strategy, and timing against a partner. Sparring is often a light to medium contact exercise because competitive fighters on a full schedule are not advised to risk injury by sparring hard. Specific tactics and strategies can be trained with sparring including in close fighting, clinching and kneeing only, cutting off the ring, or using reach and distance to keep an aggressive fighter away.
Due to the rigorous training regimen (some Thai boxers fight almost every other week) professional boxers in Thailand have relatively short careers in the ring. Many retire from competition to begin instructing the next generation of Thai fighters. Most professional Thai boxers come from lower economic backgrounds, and the purse (after other parties get their cut) is sought as means of support for the fighters and their families. Very few higher economic strata Thais join the professional muay Thai ranks; they usually either do not practice the sport or practice it only as amateur boxers.

Muay Thai Techniques

Formal muay Thai techniques are divided into two groups: mae mai, or ‘major techniques’, and luk mai, or ‘minor techniques’. Muay Thai is often a fighting art of attrition, where opponents exchange blows with one another. This is certainly the case with traditional stylists in Thailand, but is a less popular form of fighting in the contemporary world fighting circuit where the Thai style of exchanging blow for blow is no longer favorable. Almost all techniques in muay Thai use the entire body movement, rotating the hip with each kick, punch, elbow and block.

Punching (Chok)

 

EnglishThaiRomanizationIPA
Jabหมัดหน้า/หมัดแย็บMat na/Mat yaep[màt nâ]
CrossหมัดตรงMat trong[màt troŋ]
Hookหมัดเหวี่ยงสั้นMat wiang san[màt wìəŋ sân]
Overhand (boxing)หมัดเหวี่ยงยาวMat wiang yao[màt wìəŋ jaːw]
Spinning Backfistหมัดเหวี่ยงกลับMat wiang klap[màt wìəŋ klàp]
Uppercutหมัดเสย/หมัดสอยดาวMat soei/Mat soi dao[màt sɤ̌j][màt sɔ̌j daːw]
Superman punchกระโดดชกKradot chok[kradòːt tɕʰók]

Elbow (Sok)

The elbow can be used in several ways as a striking weapon: horizontal, diagonal-upwards, diagonal-downwards, uppercut, downward, backward-spinning and flying. From the side, it can be used as either a finishing move or as a way to cut the opponent’s eyebrow so that blood might block his vision. The diagonal elbows are faster than the other forms but are less powerful. The elbow strike is considered the most dangerous form of attack in the sport.

EnglishThaiRomanizationIPA
Elbow Slashศอกตี (ศอกสับ)Sok ti[sɔ̀ːk tiː]
Horizontal ElbowศอกตัดSok tat[sɔ̀ːk tàt]
Uppercut ElbowศอกงัดSok ngat[sɔ̀ːk ŋát]
Forward Elbow Thrustศอกพุ่งSok phung[sɔ̀ːk pʰûŋ]
Reverse Horizontal Elbowศอกเหวี่ยงกลับ (ศอกกระทุ้ง)Sok wiang klap[sɔ̀ːk wìəŋ klàp]
Spinning ElbowศอกกลับSok klap[sɔ̀ːk klàp]
Double Elbow Chopศอกกลับคู่Sok klap khu[sɔ̀ːk klàp kʰûː]
Mid-Air Elbow StrikeกระโดดศอกKradot sok[kradòːt sɔ̀ːk]

Kicking (Te)

EnglishThaiRomanizationIPA
Straight KickเตะตรงTe trong[tèʔ troŋ]
Roundhouse KickเตะตัดTe tat[tèʔ tàt]
Diagonal KickเตะเฉียงTe chiang[tèʔ tɕʰǐəŋ]
Half-Shin, Half-Knee Kickเตะครึ่งแข้งครึ่งเข่าTe khrueng khaeng khrueng khao[tèʔ kʰrɯ̂ŋ kʰɛ̂ŋ kʰrɯ̂ŋ kʰàw]
Reverse Roundhouse KickเตะกลับหลังTe klap lang[tèʔ klàp lǎŋ]
Down Roundhouse KickเตะกดTe kot[tèʔ kòt]
Axe Heel Kickเตะเข่าTe khao[tèʔ kʰàw]
Jump KickกระโดดเตะKradot te[kradòːt tèʔ]
Step-Up KickเขยิบเตะKhayoep te[kʰa.jɤ̀p tèʔ]

The two most common kicks in muay Thai are known as the thip (literally “foot jab”) and the te chiang (kicking upwards in the shape of a triangle cutting under the arm and ribs), or roundhouse kick. The Thai roundhouse kick uses a rotational movement of the entire body and has been widely adopted by practitioners of other combat sports. It is done from a circular stance with the back leg just a little ways back (roughly shoulder width apart) in comparison to instinctive upper body fighting (boxing) where the legs must create a wider base. The roundhouse kick draws its power almost entirely from the rotational movement of the hips, counter-rotation of the shoulders and arms are also often used to add torque to the lower body and increase the power of the kick as well

Knee (Ti Khao)

EnglishThaiRomanizationIPA
Straight Knee Strikeเข่าตรงKhao trong[kʰàw troŋ]
Diagonal Knee Strikeเข่าเฉียงKhao chiang[kʰàw tɕʰǐəŋ]
Curving Knee Strikeเข่าโค้งKhao khong[kʰàw kʰóːŋ]
Horizontal Knee Strikeเข่าตัดKhao tat[kʰàw tàt]
Knee Slapเข่าตบKhao top[kʰàw tòp]
Knee Bombเข่ายาวKhao yao[kʰàw jaːw]
Flying Kneeเข่าลอยKhao loi[kʰàw lɔːj]
Step-Up Knee Strikeเข่าเหยียบKhao yiap[kʰàw jìəp]

Foot-thrust (Thip)

The foot-thrust, or literally, “foot jab”, is one of the techniques in muay Thai. It is mainly used as a defensive technique to control distance or block attacks. Foot-thrusts should be thrown quickly but with enough force to knock an opponent off balance.

EnglishThaiRomanizationIPA
Straight Foot-ThrustถีบตรงThip trong[tʰìːp troŋ]
Sideways Foot-Thrustถีบข้างThip khang[tʰìːp kʰâːŋ]
Reverse Foot-ThrustถีบกลับหลังThip klap lang[tʰìːp klàp lǎŋ]
Slapping Foot-ThrustถีบตบThip top[tʰìːp tòp]
Jumping Foot-ThrustกระโดดถีบKradot thip[kradòːt tʰìːp]

Clinch and neck wrestling (Chap kho)

In Western boxing, the two fighters are separated when they clinch; in muay Thai, however, they are not. It is often in the clinch where knee and elbow techniques are used. To strike and bind the opponent for both offensive and defensive purposes, small amounts of stand-up grappling are used in the clinch. The front clinch should be performed with the palm of one hand on the back of the other. There are three reasons why the fingers must not be intertwined. ) In the ring fighters are wearing boxing gloves and cannot intertwine their fingers.) The Thai front clinch involves pressing the head of the opponent downwards, which is easier if the hands are locked behind the back of the head instead of behind the neck. Furthermore, the arms should be putting as much pressure on the neck as possible.) A fighter may incur an injury to one or more fingers if they are intertwined, and it becomes more difficult to release the grip in order to quickly elbow the opponent’s head.

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